In this talk, I aim to show that the dynamical properties of emerging nanodevices can accelerate the development of smart, and environmentally-friendly chips that inherently learn through their physics. The goal of neuromorphic computing is to draw inspiration from the architecture of the brain to build low-power circuits for artificial intelligence. I will first give a brief overview of the state of the art of neuromorphic computing, highlighting the opportunities offered by emerging nanodevices in this field, and the associated challenges.